[1] Mather,Mark and Diana Lavery,“In U.S.Proportion Married at Lowest Recorded Levels,”Population Reference Bureau,2010 https://www.prb.org/Publications/Articles/2010/usmarriagedecline.aspx.
[2] According to Robert B.Bernstein at the Census Bureau,in 1979,the median age rose to 22.1.
[3] Mather and Lavery,“In U.S.,Proportion Married at Lowest Recorded Levels,”2010.
[4] Cohn,D’vera,Jeffery S.Passel,Wendy Wang and Gretchen Livingston,“Barely Half of U.S.Adults Are Married——A Record Low,”Pew Research Center,December 14,2011,https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2011/12/14/barely-half-of-u-s-adults-are-married-a-record-low/.
[5] Mather and Lavery,“In U.S.,Proportion Married at Lowest Recorded Levels,”2010.
[6] Betts,Hannah,“Being Single by Choice Is Liberating,”The Telegraph,March 21,2013.
[7] Roiphe,Katie,Last Night in Paradise,via New York Times excerpt,1997,https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/r/roiphe-paradise.html.
[8] Gardner,Page,“Equal Pay Day:Unmarried Women Bear the Brunt of the Pay Gap,”The Voter Participation Center,August 13,2015,https://www.voterpartici pation.org/equal-pay-day-2015/.
[9] Mather,Mark and Beth Jarosz,“Women Making Progress in U.S.But Gaps Remain,”Population Reference Bureau,2014,https://www.prb.org/Publications/Reports/2014/us-inequality-women-progress.aspx.
[10] “America’s Families and Living Arrangements:2014:Adults”(Table 1A),United States Census Bureau https://www.census.gov/hhes/families/data/cps2014A.html via Lake Research Partners,“The Power of Unmarried Women,”The Voter Participation Center,March 2012.
[11] Fry,Richard,“No Reversal in the Decline of Marriage,”Pew Research Center,November 20,2012,https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2012/11/20/no-reversal-in-decline-of-marriage/#src=prc-newsletter.
[12] Anthony,Susan B.,“The Homes of Single Women,”October,1877.Anthony’s essay is cited in many texts,including Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B.Anthony:Correspondence,Writings,Speeches,with critical commentary by Ellen Carol DuBois and a foreward by Gerda Lerner(New York:Schocken Books,1981),148–149.
第一章：小心那个女人
[1] See also,“drapetpomania”a purported mental illness reported by physician Samuel Cartwight to be suffered by slaves fleeing captivity.Here is the imagination of disease when someone who has been disempowered becomes empowered.Cited by Melissa Harris-Perry on“Melissa Harris-Perry,”MSNBC,April 7,2014.
[2] Safire,William,“The Plot to Savage Thomas,”New York Times,October 14,1991 https://www.nytimes.com/1991/10/14/opinion/essay-the-plot-to-savage-thomas.html.
[3] Hill,Anita Faye,“Marriage and Patronage in the Empowerment and Disempowerment of African American Women,”in Race,Gender and Power in America,283.
[4] Patty Murray in conversation with Karen Finney at The Atlantic’s“Women in Washington”event,September 25,2013.https://www.murray.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/newsreleases?ContentRecord_id=bc16d80a-aca9-43cc-864a-c645ab 30c2cd.
[5] “Social Indicators of Marital Health and Well-Being,”State of Our Unions Report,2011,https://www.stateofourunions.org/2011/.social_indicators.php.
[6] Anita:Speaking Truth to Power,directed by Frieda Mock,Goldwyn Films,2013.
[7] Quayle,Dan,“The Murphy Brown Speech,”May 19,1992 via Michael A.Cohen’s Live From the Campaign Trail,2008,https://livefromthetrail.com/about-the-book/speeches/chapter-18/vice-president-dan-quayle.
[8] Hymowitz,Kay,Jason S.Carroll,W.Bradford Wilcox,Kelleen Kaye,“Knot Yet:The Benefits and Costs of Delaying Marriage in America,”The National Marriage Project at the University of Virginia,The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy,and the Relate Institute,2013,https://twenty somethingmarriage.org/summary/.
[9] Friedan,Betty,The Feminine Mystique,1963/1983,1.
[10] “1.4 million copies…”Menand,Louis,“Books as Bombs:Why the Women’s Movement Needed The Feminine Mystique,”The New Yorker,January 242011.“Credited with having kicked off…”attributed to,among other places,Nora Ephron’s“Miami,”published in Crazy Salad,37–46.
[11] Henry,Astrid,Not My Mother’s Sister,64.
[12] Episode One,Makers:Women Who Make America,PBS,February 26,2013.
[13] Friedan,Betty,“The National Organization for Women’s 1966 Statement of Purpose,”October 29,1966.
[14] Guy-Sheftall,Beverly,Words of Fire,97.Via Coontz,A Strange Stirring.
[15] “In 1970…”from“Median Age at First Marriage:1890 to the Present,”U.S.Census Bureau,Decennial Censuses,1890 to 1940,and Current Population Survey,Annual Social and Economic Supplements,1947 to 2014 and via The U.S.Census Bureau.
[16] Friedan,Betty,“Up From the Kitchen Floor,”The New York Times Magazine,March 4,1973.
[17] Friedan,Betty,The Feminine Mystique,18–19.
[18] a Few Things with Moses Znaimer,CBC,November 4,1968,https://www.cbc.ca/player/Digital+Archives/CBC+Programs/Television/The+Way+It+Is/ID/2575079962/.
[19] Steinem,Gloria,letter to Time,September 16,2000.
[20] Moran,Rachel F.,“How Second Wave Feminism Forgot the Single Woman,”Hofstra Law Review,vol.33,issue 1,article 5,2004.
[21] Cott,Public Vows,199.
[22] Faludi,Backlash,108.
[23] Moran,Rachel F.,“How Second Wave Feminism Forgot the Single Woman,”Hofstra Law Review,vol.33,issue 1,article 5,2004.
[24] “Percent Never Married Among Those Aged 35 and older by Sex:1890–2010”from Elliott,Diana B,Kristy Krivickas,Matthew W.Brault,and Rose M.Kreider,“Historical Marriage Trends from 1890–2010:A Focus on Race,”2012.U.S.Decennial Census(1890–2000)American Community Survey(2010),https://www.census.gov/hhes/socdemo/marriage/data/acs/Elliottetal PAA2012figs.pdf.
[25] Rivers,Caryl,“Newsweek’s Apology Comes 20 Years Too Late,”Women’s eNews,June 14,2006,https://womensenews.org/story/uncovering-gender/060614/news weeks-apology-comes-20-years-too-late.
[26] This exact figure is 57.5 percent,according to the Centers for Disease Control.
[27] “Marriage,More than a Century of Change,”National Center for Family and Marriage Research at Bowling Green State University,July 18,2013.
[28] Martin,Jonathan,“A New Firm Sets Out to Secure Women’s Votes for a Vulnerable G.O.P.,”New York Times,November 11,2013.
[29] Lake Research Partners Election Eve Omnibus,November 4–6,2012.
[30] Last,Jonathan V.,“Start a Family…And Before You Know It,You’ll be Voting for the GOP,”Weekly Standard,April 22,2013.
[31] Stan,Adele M.,“After a Generation of Extremism,Phyllis Schlafly Still a Leading General in the War on Women,”Alternet,April 22,2012.
[32] Kotkin,Joel,““Demographic Dead End?”Barack Obama’s Single Nation,”The Daily Beast,October 18,2012,https://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/10/18/demographic-dead-end-barack-obama-s-single-nation.html.
[33] Gardner,Page,“How Unmarried Women Can Change the World,”Role Reboot,August 18,2015,https://www.rolereboot.org/culture-and-politics/details/2015-08-how-unmarried-american-women-can-change-the-world/.
[34] Babbin,Jed,“Fluke the Welfare Queen,”The American Spectator,March 12,2012,https://spectator.org/blog/29164/fluke-welfare-queen.Via Joan Walsh,What’s the Matter With White People.
[35] Sawhill,Isabel V.,“Beyond Marriage,”New York Times,September 13,2014.https://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/14/opinion/sunday/beyond-marriage.html.
[36] Wakeman,Jessica,“Bad Advice?Or Worst Advice?Mitt Romney Urges 3012 College Grads to Get Married,Have Kids,”The Frisky,May 1,2013,https://www.thefrisky.com/2013-05-01/bad-advice-or-worst-advice-mitt-romney-urges-2013-college-grads-to-get-married-have-kids/.
[37] Last,Jonathan V.,“America’s Baby Bust,”The Wall Street Journal,February 12,2013.
[38] Carmon,Irin,“Pregnancy is Patriotic!”Salon.com,February 21,2013,https://www.salon.com/2013/02/21/decoding_the_fertility_panic/?source=newsletter.
第二章：创造历史的单身女性
[1] “That it please your Majesty…”Hadfield,Andrew,The Cambridge Companion to Spenser,191;“I have long since…”Glenn,Cheryl,Rhetoric Retold,162;“one mistress and no master…”Oxford Dictionary of Political Quotations,2012;“If I am to disclose to you…”Traub,Valerie,The Renaissance of Lesbianism in Early Modern England,128.
[2] Bennett and Froide,Singlewomen in the European Past,6–7.
[3] Nellie Bly interview with Susan B.Anthony,The World,February 2,1896,https://www.rarenewspapers.com/view/621269?acl=851761768&imagelist=1#full-im ages&rc=blog.
[4] Gordon,Ann D.,The Selected Papers of Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B.Anthony,316.
[5] Norton,Mary Beth,Founding Mothers and Fathers,39–40;41.
[6] Baxandall,Rosalyn and Linda Gordon,America’s Working Women,17.
[7] Kessler-Harris,Alice,Out to Work,11.
[8] Cott,Nancy,Bonds of Womanhood,27.
[9] Chambers-Schiller,Liberty:A Better Husband,11.
[10] Dubler,Ariela,“In the Shadow of Marriage:Single Women and the Legal Construction of the Family and the State,”The Yale Law Journal,May 1,2003,https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-102910521.html.
[11] Cott,Bonds of Womanhood,22.
[12] Moran,Rachel F.,“How Second Wave Feminism Forgot the Single Woman,”Hofstra Law Review,vol.33,issue 1,article 5,2004.
[13] Norton,Liberty’s Daughters,299.
[14] Chambers-Schiller,Liberty,A Better Husband,1.
[15] Goodbeer,Richard,Sexual Revolution in Early America,200.
[16] Foster,Till Death or Distance Do Us Part,37.Foster’s book also included the reference to Harriet Ann Jacobs’Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl,1861.
[17] Hanger,Kimberly S.,“The Fortunes of Women in America:Spanish New Orleans’s Free Women of African Descent and Their Relations With Slave Women,”in Discovering the Women in Slavery,153–178.
[18] Hanger,Kimberly S.,“Free Black Women in Colonial New Orleans,”in The Devil’s Lane,226.
[19] The Young Lady’s Book:A Manual of Elegant Recreations,Exercises and Pursuits.London:Vizetelly,Branston and Co,1829,28.
[20] Welter,Barbara,“The Cult of True Womanhood:1820–1860,”American Quarterly,Volume 18,Issue 2,Part 1,Summer 1966.
[21] Collins,America’s Women,92.
[22] Chambers-Schiller,Liberty,A Better Husband,41.
[23] Burnap,George Washington,The Sphere And Duties of Woman:A Course of Lectures,Baltimore:John Murphy,1848,121–122.Via Chambers-Schiller,Liberty,a Better Husband.
[24] Chambers-Schiller,Liberty,A Better Husband,54.
[25] Ibid.,10.
[26] Goldstein,Dana,“The Chicago Strike and the History of American Teachers,”Dana Goldstein,September 12,2012,https://www.danagoldstein.net/dana_gold stein/2012/09/the-chicago-strike-and-the-history-of-american-teachers-unions.html.
[27] Goldstein,“The Woman Upstairs and the Pedagogy of Love,”https://www.dana goldstein.net/dana_goldstein/2013/06/the-woman-upstairs-and-the-pedagogy-of-love.html.
[28] Betsey“A Letter About Old Maids,”The Lowell Offering,October 1840,4–5.
[29] Olson,Lynne,Freedom’s Daughters:The Unsung Heroines of the Civil Rights Movement 1830–1970,New York:Scribner,2001.Via excerpt,The New York Times,https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/o/olson-daughters.html.
[30] Israel,Bachelor Girl,33;Encyclopedia of African American History,1619–1895,Paul Finkelman,ed.332.
[31] Governor’s Address on“the emigration of young women to the West,”March 29,1865,https://archive.org/stream/reportma00mass/reportma00mass_djvu.txt.Via Collins,America’s Women.
[32] Vapnek,Lara,Breadwinners,19–20.
[33] Chambers-Schiller,Liberty.A Better History,7–8.
[34] “The Stakeholder:A quarterly publication of the Cherokee Strip Regional Heritage Center,”Winter,2008.
[35] Chambers-Schiller,Liberty,A Better Husband,2–3.
[36] “Transcript of the Morrill Act,”1862,https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=33&page=transcript;Linda Eisenmann,Historical Dictionary of Women’s Education in the United States,275.Via Chambers-Schiller,191.
[37] Peischl,Bridget Smith,“The History of Mississippi University for Women,”Mississippi History Now,March,2012,https://mshistorynow.mdah.state.ms.us/arti cles/379/the-history-of-mississippi-university-for-women.
[38] Chambers-Schiller,Liberty,A Better Husband,176.
[39] Ibid.
[40] “Myra Bradwell v.State of Illinois,”1873.
[41] Gould,Stephen Jay,Mismeasure of Man,135–137.Also via Chambers-Schiller.
[42] Gould,Stephen Jay,Mismeasure of Man,135–137.
[43] Chambers-Schiller,Liberty a Better Husband,192.
[44] Ibid.
[45] Ibid.,196.
[46] Cott,Bonds of Womanhood,7.
[47] Peiss,Kathy,Cheap Amusements,34.
[48] Goldstein,Dana,“The Chicago Strike and the History of American Teachers’Unions,”Dana Goldstein,September,12,2012,https://www.danagoldstein.net/dana_goldstein/2012/09/the-chicago-strike-and-the-history-of-american-teach ers-unions.html.
[49] Giddings,Paula,When and Where I Enter.
[50] Peiss,Cheap Amusements,57–58.
[51] Ibid.
[52] Coontz,A Strange Stirring,41.
[53] Coontz,Marriage:A History,200.
[54] “Before the Mother’s Conference,”A Compilation of the Messages and Speeches of Theodore Roosevelt,576.
[55] Lovett,Laura,Conceiving the Future,91–92.
[56] I first found reference to this in Coontz,Marriage a History,201,though some discrepancy about Sumner’s date of death led me to Bruce Curtis,“Wlliam Graham Sumner on the Family,Women and Sex”in Victorians Abed,101.
[57] Hamlin,Kimberly A.,“Bathing Suits and Backlash:The First Miss America Pageants,1921–1927,”in There She is,Miss America,28.
[58] Coontz,A Strange Stirring,45.
[59] May,Elaine Tyler,Homeward Bound,95.
[60] Ibid,101.
[61] Heidel,Don,“Coeds:Is It Too Late?Manless Juniors Said Old Maids,”The Florida Flambeau,February 22,1957.Via Gail Collins,When Everything Changed.https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=4vsyAAAAIBAJ&sjid=4hAGAAAAI BAJ&pg=2112%2C606968
[62] Collins,When Everything Changed,38.
[63] Coontz,Stephanie,“Marriage:Saying I Don’t,”Los Angeles Times,January 19,2012.https://articles.latimes.com/2012/jan/19/opinion/la-oe-coontz-marriage-20120119.
[64] Friedan,Betty,The Feminine Mystique.
[65] Episode One,Makers:Women Who Make America,PBS,February 26,2013.
[66] Davis,Kingsley,Contemporary Marriage,The Russell Sage Foundation,1985.
[67] Elliott,Diana B.,Kristy Krivickas,Matthew W.Brault,Rose M.Kreider,“Historical MArriage Trends from 1890–2010:A Focus on Race Difference,”SEHD Working Paper Number 2012-12,12–13.https://www.census.gov/hhes/socdemo/marriage/data/acs/ElliottetalPAA2012paper.pdf.
[68] Margo,Robert A.“Explaining Black-White Wage Convergence,1940–1950,”Industrial and Labor Relations Review,Vol.48,No.3,April 1995,470–481,https://www.jstor.org/stable/2524775?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.
[69] Katznelson,Ira,When Affirmative Action Was White:An Untold History of Racial Inequality in Twentieth Century America,New York:W.W.Norton and Company,2005.Via Ta-Nehesi Coates,“A Religion of Colorblind Policy,”TheAtlantic.com,May 30,2013.https://m.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2013/05/a-religion-of-colorblind-policy/276379/.
[70] Sugrue,Tom,Sweet Land of Liberty:The Forgotten Struggle for Civil Rights in the North,Via Ta Nehesi here:https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2013/02/the-effects-of-housing-segregation-on-black-wealth/272775/.
[71] Sugrue,Sweet Land of Liberty,200–201.
第三章：都市诱惑
[1] Wile,Rob,“This Southern City has the Most Single Person Households in America,”Business Insider,April 26,2012.
[2] Klinenberg,Eric,Going Solo.
[3] Venugopal,Arun,“New York Leads in Never Married Women,”wnyc.org,September 22,2011,https://www.wnyc.org/story/160010-blog-new-york-never-mar ried-women/.
[4] Nanos,Janelle,“Single By Choice,”Boston Magazine,January 2012.“The median age…”from same story,supported by Population Reference Bureau charts drawing on five-year American Community Survey,2009–2013,https://www.prb.org/DataFinder/Topic/Rankings.aspx?ind=133.
[5] Bennett and Froide,Singlewomen of the European Past,2–3.
[6] Kowaleski,Maryanne,in Bennett and Froide’s Singlewomen of the European Past,53–54.
[7] Stansell,Christine,City of Women,13–14.
[8] Israel,Bachelor Girl,58.
[9] McDougald,Elise Johnson,“The Double Task:The Struggle of Negro Women for Sex and Race Emancipation,”Survey 53,March 1,1925,689–691.Via Giddings,When and Where I Enter.
[10] Peiss,Cheap Amusements,13.
[11] Nellie Bly interview with Susan B.Anthony,The World,February 2,1896,https://www.rarenewspapers.com/view/621269?acl=851761768&imagelist=1#full-im ages&rc=blog.
[12] Peiss,Cheap Amusements,58.
[13] Israel,Bachelor Girl,106.
[14] Kaufman,Gena,“Where the Single Men Are,”Glamour,June 5,2013,https://www.glamour.com/sex-love-life/blogs/smitten/2013/06/where-the-single-men-are-um-ev.
[15] “The Woman with the Flying Hair,”Swarthmore College Bulletin,February 1991,https://bulletin.swarthmore.edu/bulletin-issue-archive/index.html%3Fp=1052.html.
[16] Israel,Bachelor Girl,112.
[17] Stansell,City of Women,255.
[18] Stansell,City of Women,84.
[19] Meyerowitz,Joanne,Women Adrift,80.
[20] Chambers-Schiller,Liberty,a Better Husband,72.
[21] Ibid.,74.
[22] “between a third and a half…”Moran,“How Second Wave Feminism Forgot Single Women.”“Each member…”from Katherine Snyder,“A Paradise of Bachelors:Remodeling Domesticity and Masculinity in the Turn of the Century New York Bachelor Apartment,”23 Prospects:An Annual of American Cultural Studies,1998,quoted in Moran.
[23] Gray,Christopher,“For Career Women,A Hassle-Free Haven,”New York Times,June 28,2012.
[24] Israel,Bachelor Girl,4.
[25] Dvorak,Petula,“A City Divided and Increasingly Unaffordable,”The Washington Post,April 3,2014.
[26] Wax,Emily,“Home Squeezed Home:Living in a 200 Square Foot Space,”The Washington Post,November 27,2012.
[27] Thompson,Lynn,“Critics of Micro-Apartments Calling for a Moratorium,”Seattle Times,April 23,2013.
[28] North,Anna,“What the Single Ladies Have Wanted for More Than A Century,”The New York Times,April 24,2015,https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/24/opin ion/what-the-single-ladies-have-wanted-for-more-than-a-century.html.
[29] Stansell,City of Women,72.
[30] Meyerowitz,Women Adrift,115.
[31] Stansell,City of Women,221.
[32] Lovett,Laura,Conceiving the Future,88.
[33] “A Deadly Encounter”Dateline,NBC,January 20,2007,https://www.nbcnews.com/id/16713078/ns/dateline_nbc/t/deadly-encounter/#.UbtL8yMkchw.
[34] Nussbaum,Emily,“Difficult Women,”The New Yorker,July 29,2013.
第四章：危险关系
[1] Angier,Natalie,“The Changing American Family,”New York Times,November 26,2013,https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/26/health/families.html.
[2] Smith-Rosenberg,Carroll,Disorderly Conduct.61–62.
[3] Bennett and Froide,Singlewomen in the European Past,85.
[4] Smith-Rosenberg,Disorderly Conduct,60.
[5] Ibid.,71–75.
[6] Norton,Mary Beth,Founding Mothers and Fathers,354.
[7] Lincoln,Abraham,“Dear Speed,Springfield,Ills.,Feby 13.1842,”Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln,https://quod.lib.umich.edu/l/lincoln/lincoln1/1:292?rgn=p1;view=fulltext,via Jennie Rothenberg Gritz,“But Were they Gay?The Mystery of Same-Sex Love in the 19th Century,”The Atlantic.com,September 7,2012.
[8] Gritz,“But Were They Gay?”The Atlantic.com.
[9] Willard,Frances,The Autobiography of an American Woman,642.
[10] Chevigny,Bell Gale,Margaret Fuller the Woman and the Myth,113.
[11] Coontz,Marriage,A History,205–206.
[12] All letters cited were written between August and October 1854,from Margaret Smith,ed.,The Letters of Charlotte Brontë:Volume Three 1852–1855.
[13] Mailer,Norman,“The Mary McCarthy Case,”The New York Review of Books,October 17,1963,in Nussbaum,Emily,“Hannah Barbaric,”The New Yorker,February 11,2013.
[14] Episode One,Makers:Women Who Make America,PBS,February 26,2013.
[15] Syme,Rachel,“The Broad Strokes,”Grantland.com,January 14,2015,https://grantland.com/features/broad-city-season-2-comedy-central-abbi-jacobson-ilana-glazer/.
第五章：我的孤单，我的自我
[1] Ortberg,Mallory,“What the Happiest Woman in the World Looks Like,”The Toast.com,February 11,2015,https://the-toast.net/2015/02/11/happiest-woman-world-looks-like/#GjSEZ1Sf1HaxYbj6.99.
[2] Kurutz,Steven,“One if the Quirkiest Number,”The New York Times,February 22,2012.
[3] Schwartz,Benjamin E.,“Selfishness as Virtue,”The American Interest,June 10,2012,https://www.the-american-interest.com/article-bd.cfm?piece=1272#sthash.RdgQ6T9c.dpuf.
[4] Parker-Pope,Tara,“In a Married World,Singles Struggle for Attention,”The New York Times,September 19,2011,https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/19/the-plight-of-american-singles/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0.
[5] Bennett and Froide,Singlewomen in the European Past,60–63.
[6] Farmer,Sharon,in Bennett and Froide,Singlewomen in the European Past,87.7.Chambers-Schiller,Liberty,A Better Husband,159.
[8] Goldstein,Dana,The Teacher Wars,33.
[9] Walker,Ruth,“Why Wait?Single Women Want to Live in Style,”Christian Science Monitor,February 4,1979.Via Israel,Bachelor Girl.
[10] Faludi,Susan,Backlash,108.
[11] Gross,Jane,“Single Women:Coping With a Void,”The New York Times,April 28,1987,https://www.nytimes.com/1987/04/28/nyregion/single-women-coping-with-a-void.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm.
[12] Klinenberg,Eric,Going Solo,5.
[13] Williamson,Kevin,“Five Reasons Why You’re Too Dumb to Vote,”National Review.com,September 28,2014,https://www.nationalreview.com/article/388945/five-reasons-why-youre-too-dumb-vote-kevin-d-williamson.
[14] DePaulo,Bella,“That Spinster Stigma Study:Others are Intrusive or they Ignore You,”Psychology Today,June 10,2010,https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/living-single/201006/spinster-stigma-study-others-are-intrusive-or-they-ignore-you.
[15] Maria Mitchell Papers Diary 1854–1857;Box One,Folder One.Courtesy of the Nantucket Maria Mitchell Association.
[16] Gallagher,Maggie and Linda Waite,The Case for Marriage,New York:Crown,2002,52.
[17] Parker-Pope,Tara,“Married Cancer Patients Live Longer,”New York Times,September 24,2013.https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/09/24/married-cancer-pa tients-live-longer/?hpw&_r=1.
[18] Gottlieb,Lori,“Marry Him!The Case for Settling for Mr.Good Enough,”The Atlantic,March 2008.
[19] Kreider,Rose M.and Renee Ellis,“Number,Timing,and Duration of Marriages and Divorces,2009,”U.S.Census Bureay,May 2011,https://www.census.gov/prod/2011pubs/p70-125.pdf.
[20] Israel,Bachelor Girl,42.
[21] Goldstein,The Teacher Wars,31.
[22] Burnap,George Washington,The Sphere And Duties of Woman:A Course of Lectures,Baltimore:John Murphy,1848,64.Via Chambers-Schiller,Liberty,a Better Husband.
[23] Chambers-Schiller,Liberty,a Better Husband,50.
[24] Ibid,55.
[25] Collins,America’s Women,138.
[26] Rogers,Anna A.,“Why American Marriages Fail,”The Atlantic Monthly,Cambridge:The Riverside Press,1907,via Coontz,Marriage:A History.
[27] Esfahani Smith,Emily,“Science Says Lasting Relationships Come Down to Two Basic Traits,”The Atlantic.com,November 9,2014.
[28] Barker,Eric,“These Four Things Kill Relationships,”Time.com,August 26,2014,https://time.com/3174575/these-4-things-kill-relationships/.
[29] Klinenberg,Going Solo,157.
[30] Cobbe,Frances Power,“Celibacy vs.Marriage,”in Criminals,Idiots,Women&Minors,Susan Hamilton,ed,57,via Israel,Bachelor Girl.
第六章：致富有者
[1] Friedan,The Feminine Mystique,158.
[2] Rinehart,Mary Roberts,“A Home or a Career?”Ladies Home Journal,April 1921.Via“These Working Wives:The‘Two-Job’Woman in Interwar Magazines,”a paper presented by Jane Marcellus in 2004.
[3] “Estimated Median Age at First Marriage,by Sex,1890 to Present,”US Bureau of the Census,2010.
[4] DePaulo,Singled Out,144.
[5] Brown,Campbell,“Sexism Sneaks In Over and Open Mic,”Cnn.com,November 19,2008.
[6] “On Pay Gap,Millennial Women Near Parity——For Now,”Pew Research Center,December 11,2013,https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2013/12/11/on-pay-gap-mil lennial-women-near-parity-for-now/.
[7] Chambers-Schiller,Liberty,A Better Husband,68.
[8] Guy-Scheftall and Johnnetta Cole,Words of Fire,99.
[9] Gunning,Sandra,Race,Rape,and Lynching,122.
[10] Chambers Schiller,Liberty,a Better Husband,66.
[11] Ibid,98.
[12] Rosin,Hanna,“The End of Men,”The Atlantic,July/August 2010,https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2010/07/the-end-of-men/308135/.
[13] “Percentage Degrees Awarded to Women,”The Washington Post online,May,2013,https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/files/2013/05/its_getting_better-degrees-women.jpg.
[14] Mercado,Monica and Katherin Turk,“On Equal Terms:Educating Women at the University of Chicago,”The University of Chicago Library,https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/webexhibits/OnEqualTerms/NoneDebateOverSexSegregation.html.
[15] Rosenberg,Rosalind,Beyond Separate Spheres:Intellectual Roots of Modern Feminism,44.
[16] Bronski,Peter,“A Woman’s Place,”Vassar Alumnae Quarterly,January 2011,https://vq.vassar.edu/issues/2011/01/features/a-womans-place.html.
[17] D’Emilio,John and Estelle B.Freedman,Intimate Matters:A History of Sexuality in America,1988,190.
[18] Israel,Bachelor Girl,30.
[19] Ibid.,39.
[20] Weiss,Sasha,“A Study in Farewells:Kristin Wiig and Peggy Olson,”The New Yorker.com,June 1,2012,https://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/culture/2012/06/a-study-in-farewells-kristen-wiig-and-peggy-olson.html.
[21] Chambers-Schiller,Liberty a Better Husband,164.
[22] Venker,Suzanne,“Why Women Still Need Husbands,”foxnews.com,December 6,2013,https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2013/12/06/why-women-still-need-husbands/.
[23] “Many Millennials Say Women Are More Focused on Careers than Men,”in On Pay Gap,Millennial Women Near Parity,Pew Research Center,December 10,2013,https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2013/12/11/on-pay-gap-millennial-women-near-parity-for-now/sdt-gender-and-work-12-2013-0-08/.
[24] Flock,Elizabeth,“Book Says Supreme Court Crashed Sonia Sotomayor’s Personal Life,”USNews.com,July 17,2012.
[25] Klein,Ezra,“Nine Facts About Marriage and Childbirth in the United States,”The Washington Post,March 25,2013,https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2013/03/25/nine-facts-about-marriage-and-childbirth-in-the-united-states/.
[26] Ibid.
[27] Coe,Alexis,“Being Married Helps Professors Get Ahead,but Only if They’re Male,”The Atlantic.com,January 17,2013.
[28] Miller,Claire Cain,“The Motherhood Penalty vs.The Fatherhood Bonus,”The New York Times,September 6,2014.
[29] Lemmon,Gayle Tzemach,“I’m Not Your Wife!A New Study Points to a Hidden Form of Sexism,”The Atlantic.com,June 5,2012.
[30] Rikleen,Lauren Stiller,“Are Working Women Held Back?”Harvard Business Review,December 2012.
[31] Alazraki,Melly,“Young Single Women Now Earn More than Men,”DailyFinance.com,September 1,2010,https://www.dailyfinance.com/2010/09/01/young-single-women-earn-more-than-men/.
[32] Miller,Claire Cain,“The Motherhood Penalty vs.The Fatherhood Bonus,”The New York Times,September 6,2014.
[33] Cardona,Mercedes M.,“Single Minded Marketing:A Multitrillion Dollar Opportunity,”cmo.com,April 17,2013,https://www.cmo.com/articles/2013/4/16/single_minded_marketing.html.
[34] Swartz,Jon,“How Women are Changing the Tech World,”USA Today,June 6,2012.
[35] “Indie Women,”The Curve Report,NBC Universal,https://thecurvereport.com/category/films/indie-women/.
[36] Bolick,Kate,“For Women,Is Home Really So Sweet?”The Wall Street Journal,February 18,2012.
[37] “Field Guide to Women Homebuyers,”Realtor.com,June 2015,https://www.real tor.org/field-guides/field-guide-to-women-homebuyers.
[38] Elmer,Vickie,“Wed,in all but Finances,”New York Times,July 5,2012,https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/08/realestate/mortgages-wed-in-all-but-finances.html?_r=1&hp.
[39] Coontz,Marriage a History,168.
[40] Ibid.,169.
第七章：贫困人群
[1] Crenshaw,KimberléWilliams,“The Girls Obama Forgot,”The New York Times,July 7,2014.
[2] Hollar,Julie,“Wealth Gap Yawns,and so does Media,”FAIR Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting,June 1,2010,https://fair.org/extra-online-articles/wealth-gap-yawns8212and-so-do-media/.
[3] Fairchild,Caroline,“Number of Fortune 500 Women CEOS Reaches Historic High,”Fortune.com,June 6,2014,https://fortune.com/2014/06/03/number-of-for tune-500-women-ceos-reaches-historic-high/.
[4] Howard,Caroline,“The New Class of Female CEOs”Forbes,August 22,2012,https://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/.
[5] Rivers,Caryl,“The End of Men?Not so Fast,”The Huffington Post,https://www.huffingtonpost.com/caryl-rivers/the-end-of-men-eyewash_b_624309.html.
[6] Luscombe,Belinda,“Workplace Salaries:At Last,Women on Top,”Time,September 1,2010.
[7] Coontz,“The Myth of Male Decline,”New York Times,September 29,2012,https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/30/opinion/sunday/the-myth-of-male decline.html?pagewanted=all.
[8] “On Pay Gap,Millennial Women Near Parity for Now,”Pew Research Group,December 11,2013,https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2013/12/11/on-pay-gap-millennial-women-near-parity-for-now/.And“Do Men Really Earn More Than Women?”Payscale.com,https://www.payscale.com/gender-lifetime-earnings-gap.
[9] Coontz,“The Myth of Male Decline,”New York Times,September 29,2012.
[10] Schwartz,Madeleine,“Opportunity Costs:The True Price of Internships,”Winter 2013,https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/opportunity-costs-the-true-price-of-internships.
[11] DeParle,Jason,“Two Classes,Divided By I Do,”New York Times,July 7,2012,https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/15/us/two-classes-in-america-pided-by-i-do.html.
[12] Confessore,Nick,“Tramps Like Them:Charles Murray Examines the White Working Class in‘Coming Apart,’”New York Times,February 10,2012.
[13] Rampell,Catherine,“Bundled Households,”New York Times,November 12,2012,https://economix.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/12/bundled-households/.
[14] Arnold,Lisa and Christina Campbell,“The High Price of Being Single in America,”January 14,2013,https://www.theatlantic.com/sexes/archive/2013/01/the-high-price-of-being-single-in-america/267043/.
[15] Palmer,Kimberly,“Why Single People Are So Financially Stressed,”USNews.com,October 17,2010.
[16] Correll,Shelley,Steven Bernard,In Paik,“Getting a Job:Is there a Motherhood Penality?”American Journal of Sociology,Vol.112,No.5,March,2007,1297–1339,https://gender.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/motherhoodpenalty.pdf.
[17] Coontz,Stephanie,“Progress at Work,But Mothers Still Pay a Price,”New York Times,June 8,2013,https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/09/opinion/sunday/coontz-richer-childless-women-are-making-the-gains.html.
[18] Wang,Wendy and Kim Parker and Paul Taylor,“Breadwinner Moms,”Pew Research Center,May 29,2013,https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2013/05/29/bread winner-moms/.
[19] Hymowitz,Kay and Jason S.Carroll,W.Bradford Wilcox,Kelleen Kaye,“Knot Yet Report:What Does the Rising Marriage Age Mean For Twentysomething Women,Men and Families?”2012,https://twentysomethingmarriage.org/.
[20] Castillo,Michelle,“Almost Half of First Babies in US Born to Unwed Mothers,”CBS News,March 15,2013,https://www.cbsnews.com/news/almost-half-of-first-babies-in-us-born-to-unwed-mothers/.
[21] Angier,Natalie,“The Changing American Family,”The New York Times,November 26,2013,https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/26/health/families.html.
[22] Sawhill,Isabel,“The New White Negro,”Washington Monthly,January/February 2013,https://www.washingtonmonthly.com/magazine/january_february_2013/fea tures/the_new_white_negro042050.php?page=all.
[23] Edin,Kathryn and Maria Kefalas,“Why Poor Women Put Motherhood Before Marriage,”published by the National Poverty Center,March 12,2013,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wRUj_C5JdHs.Talk stems from Promises I Can Keep by Edin and Kefalas.
[24] “Phyllis Schlafly Still Championing the Anti-Feminist Fight,”Tell Me More,NPR,March 30,2011,https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=134981902.
[25] Fleischer,Ari,“How to Fight Income Inequality:Get Married,”The Wall Street Journal,January 12,2014.
[26] Bruenig,Matt,“The Single Mother,Child Poverty Myth,”Demos,April 14,2014,https://www.demos.org/blog/4/14/14/single-mother-child-poverty-myth.
[27] Rector,Robert,“Marriage:America’s Greatest Weapon Against Child Poverty,”The Heritage Foundation,September 5,2012,https://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2012/09/marriage-americas-greatest-weapon-against-child-poverty.
[28] Mencimer,Stephanie,“The GOP’s Dead End Marriage Program,”Mother Jones,June 25,2012,https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2012/06/gops-dead-end-marriage-program.
[29] Covert,Bryce,“Heritage Panel tells Women that the Road to Economic Security is Marriage,not Feminism,”Think Progress,April 1,2014,https://thinkprogress.org/economy/2014/04/01/3421603/heritage-marriage-poverty/.
[30] “Minnesota Family Investment Program,”Minnesota Department of Human Services.
[31] Fremstad,Shawn and Melissa Boteach,“How Progressive Policies Can Strengthen Marriage and Family Life,”Family Studies,February 10,2015,https://family-stud ies.org/how-progressive-policies-can-strengthen-marriage-and-family-life/.
[32] “New Hope Project,”Promising Practices,https://www.promisingpractices.net/program.asp?programid=269.
[33] Gassman-Pines,Anna and Hirokazu Yoshikawa,“Five Year Effects of an Anti-Poverty Program on Marriage among Never-Married Mothers”Journal of Policy Analysis and Management,Vol.25,No.1,2006,11–30,https://steinhardt.nyu.edu/scmsAdmin/media/users/jr189/Five_Year_Effects_of_Antipoverty_Program.pdf.
[34] Covert,Bryce,“Senator Floats Idea to Penalize Low-Income Women Who Have Children,”Think Progress,January 29,2014,https://thinkprogress.org/economy/2014/01/29/3220881/rand-paul-welfare-cap-children/.
[35] “Rand Paul and the Extent of Marital Poverty in Kentucky,”CEPR Blog,Center for Economic and Policy Research,January 30,2014,https://www.cepr.net/blogs/cepr-blog/rand-paul-and-the-extent-of-marital-poverty-in-kentucky.Via Shawn Fremstad,“Temporary Assistance Doesn’t Help Impoverished Married Parents,”TalkPoverty.org,May 1,2015,https://talkpoverty.org/2015/05/01/temporary-assis tance/.
[36] Senate Bill 518,General Assembly of North Carolina,Session 2013,April 1,2013,https://www.ncleg.net/Sessions/2013/Bills/Senate/PDF/S518v1.pdf.
[37] Marcotte,Amanda,“The Worst State for Women?”The American Prospect,January 13,2013,https://prospect.org/article/worst-state-women.
[38] Hymowitz,Kay and Jason S.Carroll,W.Bradford Wilcox,Kelleen Kaye,“Knot Yet Report:What Does the Rising Marriage Age Mean For Twentysomething Women,Men and Families?”2012,https://twentysomethingmarriage.org/.
[39] Angier,Natalie,“The Changing American Family,”The New York Times,November 26,2013,https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/26/health/families.html.
[40] Edin,Kathryn and Maria Kefalas,“Unmarried with Children,”Contexts,Vol.4,No.2.,May,2005,https://ctx.sagepub.com/content/4/2/16.abstract.
[41] Edin,Kathryn and Maria Kefalas,Promises I Can Keep,185.
[42] Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study,cited by Kathryn Edin Study cited by Edin and Kefalas in“Why Poor Women Put Motherhood Before Marriage”speech.
[43] Wang,Wendy,“The Best Cities for Women Looking to Marry,”Pew Research Center,October 2,2014,https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/10/02/the-best-and-worst-cities-for-women-looking-to-marry/.
[44] Knafo,Saki,“1 in 3 Black Men Will Go To Prison in their Lifetimes,Report Warns,”Huffington Post,October 4,2013,https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/10/04/racial-disparities-criminal-justice_n_4045144.html.
[45] Porter,Eduardo,“In the U.S.,Punishment Comes Before the Crimes,”The New York Times,April 29,2014.
[46] Coates,Ta-Nehesi,“The Black Family in the Age of Mass Incarceration,”The Atlantic,October,2015.
[47] Via the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
[48] “Criminal Justice Fact Sheet,”National Association for the Advancement of Colored People,naacp.org,https://www.naacp.org/pages/criminal-justice-fact-sheet.
[49] Angier,Natalie,“The Changing American Family,”New York Times,November 26,2013,https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/26/health/families.html.
[50] Discussion between Marian Wright Edelman,Vivian Nixon,Glenn Martin,Bob Herbert on The Melissa Harris Perry Show,MSNBC,July 14,2012.
[51] “Know Your Rights:Housing and Arrests or Criminal Convictions,”The Bronx Defenders,October 2,1010,https://www.bronxdefenders.org/housing-and-arrests-or-criminal-convictions/.
[52] Alexander,Michelle,“The Zimmerman Mindset:Why Black Men Are the Permanent Undercaste,”July 29,2013.
[53] Ludden,Jennifer,“Can Marriage Save Single Mothers From Poverty?”Morning Edition,NPR,September 13,2012,https://www.npr.org/2012/09/13/161017580/can-marriage-save-single-mothers-from-poverty.
[54] Stevenson,Betsey and Justin Wolfers,“Valentine’s Day and the Economics of Love,”Bloomberg View,February 13,2013,https://www.bloombergview.com/arti cles/2013-02-13/valentine-s-day-and-the-economics-of-love.
[55] Fremstad,Shawn,“Temporary Assistance Doesn’t Help Impoverished Married Parents,”TalkPoverty.org,May 1,2015,https://talkpoverty.org/2015/05/01/tempo rary-assistance/.
[56] Edin and Kefalas,Promises I Can Keep,199.
[57] Coontz,Stephanie,“The Triumph of the Working Mother,”New York Times,June 1,2013,https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/02/opinion/sunday/coontz-the-triumph-of-the-working-mother.html?ref=global-home.
[58] Ibid.
[59] Boo,Katherine,“The Marriage Cure,”The New Yorker,August 18,2003.
[60] Coates,Ta-Nehesi,“Of Baguettes and Black Families,”The Atlantic,September 13,2013,https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2013/09/of-baguettes-and-black-families/279678/.
第八章：性与单身女孩
[1] Coontz，Stephanie,Marriage:A History.
[2] Addams,Jane,The Spirit of Youth and the City Streets,15–16.Via Louise Knight.
[3] Grimké,Sarah,“Marriage,”in Sarah Grimke,Letters on the Equality of the Sexes and Other Essays.Elizabeth Ann Bartlett,ed.,148.
[4] Ibid.,148.
[5] Randall,Mercedes Moritz,Improper Bostonian:Emily Greene Balch,398.
[6] Caplan,Paula J.,“Sex and the Myth of Women’s Masochism,”Psychology Today,August 14,2012,https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/science-isnt-golden/201208/sex-and-the-myth-women-s-masochism.
[7] Trimberger,Ellen Kay,The New Single Woman,14.
[8] Firestone,Shulamith,The Dialectic of Sex:The Case for Feminist Revolution,152.
[9] Bilton,Nick,“Tinder,The Fast Growing Dating App,Taps and Age-Old Truth,”New York Times,October 30,2014,https://mobile.nytimes.com/2014/10/30/fash ion/tinder-the-fast-growing-dating-app-taps-an-age-old-truth.html?referrer=&_r=0.
[10] Sales,Nancy Jo,“Tinder and the Dawn of the‘Dating Apocalypse,’”Vanity Fair,August 2015,https://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2015/08/tinder-hook-up-culture-end-of-dating.
[11] Massey,Alana,“The Dickonomics of Tinder,”Matter,April 30,2015,https://me dium.com/matter/the-dickonomics-of-tinder-b14956c0c2c7.
[12] McCracken,Amanda,“Does My Virginity Have a Shelf Life?”The New York Times,November 13,2013,https://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/11/13/does-my-virginity-have-a-shelf-life/?smid=tw-share.
[13] Tyler May,Elaine,Homeward Bound,.
[14] “Sex Will Change Totally,Liza Mundy Predicts in New Book,‘The Richer Sex,’”Huffington Post,March 19,2012,https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/03/19/sex-richer-liza-mundy-gender-gap_n_1363917.html#s790489title=Women_Will_Refuse.
[15] Freitas,Donna,“Time to Stop Hooking Up(You Know You Want To)”The Washington Post,March 29,2013.
[16] Plank,Elizabeth,“There’s A Way to Discuss Hookup Culture and this Wasn’t It,”mic.com,July 15,2013,https://mic.com/articles/54701/there-s-a-way-to-discuss-hook-up-culture-and-this-wasn-t-it.
[17] Sessions Stepp,Laura,“Cupid’s Broken Arrow,”The Washington Post,May 7,2006,https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/05/06/AR2006050601206.html.
[18] Douthat,Ross,“Love in the Time of Hookups,”New York Times,July 18,2013,https://douthat.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/07/18/love-in-the-time-of-hookups/.
[19] Rosin,Hanna,Boys on the Side,The Atlantic,September 2012,https://www.the atlantic.com/magazine/archive/2012/09/boys-on-the-side/309062/3/.
[20] Ingeno,Lauren,“Let’s Talk(Differently)About Sex,”Inside Higher Ed,July 29,2013,https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2013/07/29/changing-hook-culture-conversation-college-campuses.
[21] Rosin,Hanna,Boys on the Side,The Atlantic,September 2012,https://www.the atlantic.com/magazine/archive/2012/09/boys-on-the-side/309062/3/.
[22] Paquette,Danielle,“Why Millennials Have Fewer Sex Partners than their Parents Did,”The Washington Post,May 6,2015,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonkblog/wp/2015/05/06/why-millennials-have-sex-with-fewer-partners-than-their-parents-did/.
[23] Ingeno,Lauren,“Let’s Talk(Differently)About Sex,”Inside Higher Ed,July 29,2013,https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2013/07/29/changing-hook-culture-conversation-college-campuses.
[24] Rosin,“Boys on the Side,”The Atlantic.
[25] Ibid.
[26] Friedman,Ann,“When Women Pursue Sex,Even Men Don’t Get It,”New York,June 4,2013,https://nymag.com/thecut/2013/06/when-women-pursue-sex-even-men-dont-get-it.html.
[27] Kitroeff,Natalie,“In Hookups,Inequality Still Reigns,”New York Times,November 11,2013,https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/11/11/women-find-orgasms-elu sive-in-hookups/.
[28] Maines,Rachel P.,The Technology of Orgasm:“Hysteria,”the Vibrator,and Women’s Sexual Satisfaction.Via New York Times excerpt,https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/m/maines-technology.html.
[29] Hess,Amanda,“Abstinence Won’t Solve Hookup Culture,”Slate,April 1,2013,https://www.slate.com/blogs/xx_factor/2013/04/01/abstinence_won_t_solve_the_hookup_culture_donna_freitas_is_wrong_about_sex.html.
第九章：单身时代的婚与不婚
[1] Waldman,Katy,“Young People in Japan Have Given Up on Sex,”Slate,October 22,2013,https://www.slate.com/blogs/xx_factor/2013/10/22/celibacy_syn drome_in_japan_why_aren_t_young_people_interested_in_sex_or.html.
[2] Haworth,Abigail,“Why Have Young People in Japan Stopped Having Sex?”The Guardian,October 20,2013,https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/oct/20/young-people-japan-stopped-having-sex.
[3] “Survey Shows One Third of Japanese Think Marriage Is‘Pointless,’”Japan Daily Press,July 2,2013,https://japandailypress.com/survey-shows-one-third-of-japanese-think-marriage-is-pointless-0231559/.
[4] Haworth,“Why Have Young People in Japan Stopped Having Sex?”TheGuardian.
[5] Eurostat,Statistics Explained,https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Main_Page..Via Hillary White,“Italians Not Having Kids and Now,Not Getting Married Either,New Stats,”Lifesite News,June 6,2011.
[6] Evans,Stephen,“Is the German Insult‘Raven Mothers’Holding Back Women at Work?”BBC News,March 11,2011,https://www.bbc.com/news/business-12703897.
[7] Eurostat,Statistics Explained,https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Main_Page.
[8] Luscombe,Belinda,“Who Needs Marriage?A Changing Institution,”Time,November 18,2010,https://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2032116,00.html.
[9] “Crude Marriage Rate,”Chartsbin.com,https://chartsbin.com/view/3219.
[10] Hess,Amanda,“When It Comes to‘Having it All,’Men Want More,”Slate,October 31,2013,https://www.slate.com/blogs/xx_factor/2013/10/31/work_life_balance_study_professional_men_are_more_likely_than_women_to_want.html.
[11] Wade,Lisa,“Most Women Would Rather Divorce than be a Housewife,”The Society Pages,December 29,2013,https://thesocietypages.org/socimages/2013/01/28/mens-and-womens-gender-ideologies-ideals-and-fallbacks/.
[12] Cherlin,Andrew J.,“In the Season of Marriage,a Question:Why Bother?”New York Times,April 27,2013,https://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/28/opinion/sunday/why-do-people-still-bother-to-marry.html?pagewanted=all.
[13] Adelman,Lori,“Amelia Earhart’s Prenup from the 1930s Lays Out a Pretty Darn Modern Vision of Marriage,”Feministing.com,December 12,2010,https://fem inisting.com/2012/12/10/amelia-earhart-prenup-from-1930s-lays-out-a-pretty-darn-modern-vision-of-marriage/.
[14] Cotten,Trystan T.and Kimberly Springer eds.,Stories of Oprah:The Oprahfication of American Culture,University Press of Mississippi,2010,23.
[15] Tauber,Michelle,“Oprah at 50:Prime Time of Her Life,”People,February 2,2004.
[16] Rauch,Jonathan,“Red Families,Blue Families,Gay Families and the Search for a New Normal,”Journal of Law and Inequality,Summer 2010,via https://www.jonathanrauch.com/jrauch_articles/red-blue-and-gay-marriage/.And“Women’s Median Age at First Marriage by State,”LiveScience.com,March 18,2013,https://www.livescience.com/27974-women-media-age-marriage-states.html.
[17] “Women Who Get Hitched Early,Divorce Early,”Indian Express,November 10,2011.
[18] “U.S.Divorce Rate Statistics,”Centers for Disease Control,National Survey of Family Growth,May 23,2015.
[19] Nellie Bly interview with Susan B.Anthony,The World,February 2,1896,https://www.rarenewspapers.com/view/621269?acl=851761768&imagelist=1#full-images&rc=blog.
[20] Coontz.Stephanie,“The Disestablishment of Marriage,”New York Times,March 23,2013,https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/23/opinion/sunday/coontz-the-disestablishment-of-marriage.html?pagewanted=all.
[21] “The Decline of Marriage and Rise of New Families,”Pew Research Center,November 18,2010,https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2010/11/18/the-decline-of-marriage-and-rise-of-new-families/3./.
[22] Parker,Kim,“5 Facts About Today’s Fathers,”PEW Research Center,June 18,2015,https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/06/18/5-facts-about-todays-fa thers/.
[23] “American Time Use Survey——2014 Results,”Bureau of Labor Statistics,U.S.Department of Labor,June 24,2015,https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/atus.pdf.
[24] Chernoff,Allan,“The Millennials——Ever Optimistic about Jobs,”CNN Money,May 18,2011.
[25] Dewan,Shaila and Robert Gebeloff,“More Men Enter Fields Dominated By Women,”The New York Times,May 20,2012,https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/21/business/increasingly-men-seek-success-in-jobs-dominated-by-women.html?pagewanted=2&_r=1&emc=eta1.
[26] Livingston,Gretchen,“Growing Number of Dads Home with Kids,Pew Research Center,”June 5,2014,https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2014/06/05/grow ing-number-of-dads-home-with-the-kids/.Via Miller,Claire Cain,“More Fathers Who Stay at Home By Choice,”New York Times,June 5,2014 https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/06/upshot/more-fathers-who-stay-at-home-by-choice.html.
[27] Esteve,Albert and J.Garcia-Roman and I.Permanyer,“The Gender-Gap Reversal in Education and Its Effect on Union Formation:The End of Hypergamy,”Population and Development Review,vol.38,issue 3,September 2012,https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/10/121030093739.htm.
[28] Oxfeld,Jesse,“Yesterday an Oppressed Minority,Today an Old Maid,”New York Observer,June 2013,https://observer.com/2013/06/yesterday-an-oppressed-mi nority-today-an-old-maid/#ixzz2nJtZg4lX.
[29] Thomas,June,“Don’t Be a Wife:I’m a Lesbian and I’m Never Getting Married.Why Are You?”Slate.com,November 2012.
[30] Goldman,Emma,Anarchism and Other Essays,233–245.
[31] Issenberg,Sasha,“With These Words,”New York,July 27,2012.
[32] Walsh,Susan,“The Chances of Divorce May Be Much Lower Than You Think,”Hooking Up Smart,June 13,2012,https://www.hookingupsmart.com/2012/06/13/relationshipstrategies/your-chances-of-porce-may-be-much-lower-than-you-think/.
[33] Angier,Natalie,“The Changing American Family,”The New York Times,November 26,2013,https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/26/health/families.html.
[34] North,Anna,“Hanna Rosin:Hookup Culture is Changing,”Salon.com,September 1,2013,https://www.salon.com/2013/09/01/hanna_rosin_hookup_culture_is_changing/.
[35] Lewin,Tamar,“Census Finds Single Mothers and Live-In Partners,”The New York Times,November 5,2010.
[36] Stevenson,Betsey and Justin Wolfers,“Valentine’s Day and the Economics of Love,”Bloomberg View,February 13,2013,https://www.bloombergview.com/arti cles/2013-02-13/valentine-s-day-and-the-economics-of-love.
[37] Rudder,Christian,“How Your Race Affects The Messages You Get,”Ok Trends Dating Research,okcupid.com,October 5,2009,https://blog.okcupid.com/index.php/your-race-affects-whether-people-write-you-back/.
[38] Faludi,Backlash,1.
[39] Harris,Tami Winfrey,“Marriage Is Like Kitchenware and It Doesn’t Matter What Men Want,”Clutch,February,2013.https://www.clutchmagonline.com/2013/02/marriage-is-like-kitchenware-and-it-doesnt-matter-what-men-want/.
[40] “Real Talk:Tyrese Says You Need a Man,”Essence.com,November 17,2011.
[41] Andrews,Helena,“Setting the Record Straight,”Marie Claire,April 12,2012,https://www.marieclaire.com/sex-love/advice/a7010/interracial-relationships/.
[42] Aronowitz,Nona Willis,“I Wish I Wasn’t Married:In Defense of Domestic Partnerships for Straight Couples,”Good,July 16,2011,https://www.good.is/posts/do mestic-partnerships-should-be-an-alternative-to-marriage-for-all-couples.
[43] Jane Austen’s Letters,292.
第十章：未来怎么办
[1] Garber,Megan,“The IVF Panic:All Hell Will Break Loose,Politically and Morally,All Over the World,”The Atlantic,June 25,2012,https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/06/the-ivf-panic-all-hell-will-break-loose-politi cally-and-morally-all-over-the-world/258954/.
[2] Davey,Melissa and Philip Ly,“Doctors Warn Women Not to Rely on IVF As More Give Birth in their 50s,”Sydney Morning Herald,June 15,2013.
[3] Martin,Daniel,Number of Babies Born to Women 45 and Older Trebles in Just Ten Years,:Daily Mail,January 27,2012.
[4] Kluger,Jeffrey and Alice Park,“Frontiers of Fertility,”Time,May 30,2013,https://healthland.time.com/2013/05/30/frontiers-of-fertility/.
[5] Ibid.
[6] “Common Myths About Having a Child Later in Life,”CBS News,August 7,2012.
[7] “Births:Final Data for 2013,”National Vital Statistics report,Centers for Disease Control,https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_01.pdf.
[8] Livingston,Gretchen,and D’Vera Cohn,“The New Demography of Motherhood,”Pew Research Center,May 6,2010,https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2010/05/06/the-new-demography-of-american-motherhood/.
[9] Grigoriadis,Vanessa,“Baby Panic,”New York,May 20,2002,https://nymag.com/nymetro/urban/family/features/6030/index2.html.
[10] Aronowitz,Nona Willis,“Mo’Children Mo’Problems,”The American Prospect,June 14,2013,https://prospect.org/article/mo-children-mo-problems.
[11] Twenge,Jean,“How Long Can You Wait to Have a Baby?”The Atlantic,July 2013,https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2013/07/how-long-can-you-wait-to-have-a-baby/309374/.
[12] Rothman,Michael,“Oprah Winfrey Reveals Why She Never Had Children,”Good Morning America,ABC News,December 12,2013.
[13] Caldwell,Robin,“The Daughters of Dorothy Height,”politic365.com,April 21,2010,https://politic365.com/2010/04/21/the-daughters-of-dorothy-height/.
[14] Interview with Kim Cattrall,“Woman’s Hour,”BBC,September 14,2015.
[15] Glenn,Cheryl,Rhetoric Retold,162.
[16] Hadfield,Andrew,The Cambridge Companion to Spenser,192.
[17] Sandler,Lauren,“Having It All Without Having Children,”Time,August 12,2013,https://time.com/241/having-it-all-without-having-children/.
[18] Abma,J.,and G.Martinez,“Among Older Women in the United States:Trends and Profiles,”Journal of Marriage and the Family,Vol.68,2006,1045–1056.
[19] Hoffman,Piper,“Be Jewish and Multiply?Perhaps Not,”JTA.org,November 20,2013,https://www.jta.org/2013/11/20/life-religion/be-jewish-and-multiply-perhaps-not#ixzz2nlqB7srr.not#ixzz2nlqB7srr.
[20] Friedman,Ann,“The Real Reason Twentysomething Women Are Worried,”New York,December 17,2013,https://nymag.com/thecut/2013/12/real-reason-20-something-women-are-worried.html.
[21] Notkin,Melanie,“The Truth About the Childless Life,”Huffington Post,October 1,2013.
[22] Stewart,Dodai,“When Motherhood Never Happens,”Jezebel.com,May 8,2012,https://jezebel.com/5908514/when-motherhood-never-happens.
[23] Jacoby,Jeff,“The Baby Bust Generation,”The Boston Globe,December 6,2012,https://www.jeffjacoby.com/12678/the-baby-bust-generation.
[24] Last,Jonathan,“America’s Baby Bust,”Wall Street Journal,February 12,2013.
[25] Harris-Perry,Melissa,“Obama and the Black Daddy Dilemma,”The Nation,June 17,2009,https://www.thenation.com/article/obama-and-black-daddy-dilemma/.
[26] “Disapprove of Single Mothers,”Pew Research Center,January 6,2011,https://www.pewresearch.org/daily-number/disapprove-of-single-mothers/.
[27] Kurtzleben,Danielle,“Two Parents,Not Just Two Incomes,Are What Help Kids Get Ahead,”Vox.com,September 16,2014,https://www.vox.com/2014/9/16/6135445/marriage-cohabitation-inequality-social-mobility-children-contraception.
[28] Brown,Susan L.,“Marriage and Child Wellbeing:Research and Policy Perspectives,”Journal of Marriage and Family,vol.72,October 2010,106201063.
[29] Roiphe,Katie,“In Defense of Single Motherhood,”New York Times,August 11,2012,https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/12/opinion/sunday/in-defense-of-single-motherhood.html?pagewanted=all.
[30] Ibid.
[31] “Why I Froze My Eggs,”Newsweek,May 1,2009,https://www.newsweek.com/why-i-froze-my-eggs-79867.
[32] Dana,Rebecca,“The Vitrification Fertility Option,”Newsweek,January 23,2012,https://www.newsweek.com/vitrification-fertility-option-64265.
[33] American Society of Reproductive Medicine.
[34] Richards,Sarah Elizabeth,“We Need to Talk About Our Eggs,”The New York Times,October 22,2012.
[35] Richards,Sarah Elizabeth“Why I Froze My Eggs(And You Should Too)”The Wall Street Journal,May 3,2013.